SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Collins, Robert A.; Baker, Gregory A..

The popular press has triumphantly announced that the cause of the obesity epidemic is “junk food.” After a moment’s reflection, however, it seems likely that the true causal structure of the obesity epidemic can be neither single-equation nor univariate. Therefore, while the hypothesis that “junk food” is the cause of obesity has little a priori plausibility, these articles in the popular press present a testable hypothesis that, in spite of some measurement impossibilities, is tested here. While one can always argue about p values etc., it is safe to say that the results show no evidence to indicate support for a causal link. The second section of the paper explains this result and suggests a rudimentary structural model of obesity that begins to address...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Junk food; Granger-causality; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession; Q10; Q16.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53799

Oral insulin improves metabolic parameters in high fat diet fed rats

Anais da ABC (AABC)

LIPINSKI,LEANDRO C.; KMETIUK,LOUISE B.; MATHIAS,PAULO C.F.; MALTA,ANANDA; FAVERO,GIOVANI M.; RIBEIRO,TATIANE A.; TOLEDO,ALCEU; NETTO,MARIO R. MONTEMOR; RODRIGUES,MARCOS R.S..

ABSTRACT Introduction/Aim: The gut has shown to have a pivotal role on the pathophysiology of metabolic disease. Food stimulation of distal intestinal segments promotes enterohormones secretion influencing insulin metabolism. In diabetic rats, oral insulin has potential to change intestinal epithelium behavior. This macromolecule promotes positive effects on laboratorial metabolic parameters and decreases diabetic intestinal hypertrophy. This study aims to test if oral insulin can influence metabolic parameters and intestinal weight in obese non-diabetic rats. Methods: Twelve weeks old Wistar rats were divided in 3 groups: control (CTRL) standard chow group; high fat diet low carbohydrates group (HFD) and HFD plus daily oral 20U insulin gavage (HFD+INS)....

P wave dispersion in obese dogs with and without mitral valve disease

Palavras-chave: Oral insulin; Intestine; Diabetes; Obesity; Metabolism; Pancreatic beta-cell.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000401699

Ciência Rural

Dittrich,Gustavo; Campos,Gabriela Marin Van der Broocke; Sousa,Marlos Gonçalves; Oliveira,Simone Tostes.

ABSTRACT: Pwave dispersion (Pd) is an electrocardiographic index defined as the difference between the minimum and maximum Pwave duration in multiple leads. The augmentation of Pd reflects the discontinuous and inhomogeneous atrial depolarization resulting from cardiac and non-cardiac conditions. In humans, an increased Pd is associated with the development of cardiac arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation. To investigate Pd in obese dogs, we enrolled 76 dogs, which were classified in four distinct categories according to body condition and the existance of valve insufficiency: obese dogs (O), dogs with both obesity and cardiac disease (O+CD), lean dogs with cardiac disease (CD) and healthy controls (H). To be included in the study, all dogs...

PEER-EFFECTS IN OBESITY AMONG PUBLIC SCHOOL CHILDREN: A GRADE-LEVEL ANALYSIS

Palavras-chave: Mitral degeneration; P wave indices; Adiposity; Obesity; Left atrial size.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018001000602

Asirvatham, Jebaraj; Nayga, Rodolfo M., Jr.; Thomsen, Michael R..

We examine the role of peer effects in childhood obesity outcomes by investigating whether obesity rates among the highest graders in a public school has an effect on obesity rates among younger grades. We use a panel dataset with obesity prevalence measured at the grade level. Our data are from Arkansas public schools. Results provide evidence that changes in the obesity prevalence at the highest grade are associated with changes in obesity prevalence at younger grades. The magnitude of the peer effect depends on the type of school, and we find statistically significant peer effects in both elementary and high schools but not in middle schools. These effects are also larger in high schools than in elementary schools. We use falsification tests to provide...

Tipo: Presentation

Palavras-chave: Peer-effects; Obesity; Childhood obesity; Overweight; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D10; D71; I10; Z13.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/122732

Percent body fat is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk factors than body mass index

Zeng,Qiang; Dong,Sheng-Yong; Sun,Xiao-Nan; Xie,Jing; Cui,Yi.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the predictive values of percent body fat (PBF) and body mass index (BMI) for cardiovascular risk factors, especially when PBF and BMI are conflicting. BMI was calculated by the standard formula and PBF was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis. A total of 3859 ambulatory adult Han Chinese subjects (2173 males and 1686 females, age range: 18-85 years) without a history of cardiovascular diseases were recruited from February to September 2009. Based on BMI and PBF, they were classified into group 1 (normal BMI and PBF, N = 1961), group 2 (normal BMI, but abnormal PBF, N = 381), group 3 (abnormal BMI, but normal PBF, N = 681), and group 4 (abnormal BMI and PBF, N = 836). When age, gender, lifestyle,...

Polymorphisms FTO rs9939609, PPARG rs1801282 and ADIPOQ rs4632532 and rs182052 but not lifestyle are associated with obesity related-traits in Mexican children

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Body composition; Body mass index; Cardiovascular disease; Risk factor; Percent body fat; Bioelectrical impedance.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000700005

Genet. Mol. Biol.

Muñoz-Yáñez,C; Pérez-Morales,R; Moreno-Macías,H; Calleros-Rincón,E; Ballesteros,G; González,R. A; Espinosa,J.

Abstract Concerning the genetic factors of obesity, no consistent association between populations has been reported, which may be due to the frequency of polymorphisms, the lifestyle of studied populations and its interaction with other factors. We studied a possible association of polymorphisms FTO rs9939609, PPARG rs1801282, and ADIPOQ rs4632532 and rs182052 with obesity phenotypes in 215 Mexican children. Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL and LDL were measured. In addition, weight, height, waist circumference and triceps skin thickness were recorded. High-energy diets and sedentary behavior were evaluated with a validated questionnaire. In contrast with other reports, only FTO rs9939609 was associated with obesity related-traits, including BMI (p...

Quantifying Obesity in Economic Research: How Misleading is the Body Mass Index?

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Children; Polymorphisms; Energy intake; Physical activity; Lipid profile.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000400547

Parks, Joanna C.; Smith, Aaron D.; Alston, Julian M..

Replaced with revised version of paper 07/19/10.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Percent body fat (PBF); Body mass index (BMI); Economic costs; Measurement error; Health Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C52; I10.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61841

REDUCING CONSUMPTION OF FOOD WITH HIGH LEVEL OF FAT, SUGAR AND/OR SALT AMONG YOUNG GENERATION

Szucs, Robert Sandor; Csapo, Zsolt.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Fat tax; Marketing; Child; Unhealthy food; Marketing.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104676

REDUCING CONSUMPTION OF FOOD WITH HIGH LEVEL OF FAT, SUGAR AND/OR SALT AMONG YOUNG GENERATION

Szucs, Robert Sandor; Csapo, Zsolt.

The young generation is the most influenced and vulnerable segment of the market. Food with high level of fat, sugar and/or salt are popularised for this segment. At the same time nearly 7 people die of obesity or from complications of obesity in Hungary each hour – one every 9 minutes. Less than 10% of youth are of the belief of eating healthy and more then one third of youth don’t take care about healthy eating. The young generation can be especially influenced by use of well-known persons, prize games and free gifts. The idea of fat tax’s introduction could be an obvious proposal.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Fat tax; Marketing; Child; Unhealthy food; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91117

Regular exercise, overweight/obesity and sedentary lifestyle cause adaptive changes in thiol–disulfide homeostasis

Anais da ABC (AABC)

GOL,MEHMET; ÖZKAYA,BEYTULLAH; YILDIRIM,CANER; BAL,RAMAZAN.

Abstract: Dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis is considered to have critical roles in maintenance of physiological functioning. We aimed to reveal whether there is any specific aberration in thiol–disulfide homeostasis in three distinct categories of individuals, including those who 1) exercise regularly (fitness group), 2) have a sedentary lifestyle (sedentary group) and 3) are overweight or obese (overweight/obese group). 72 male individuals were included in the study, 21 of whom were in fitness group, 28 of whom were overweight or obese and 23 of whom had a sedentary lifestyle. Plasma native thiol (-SH) and total thiol [(-SH) + (-S-S-)] levels were quantitatively determined. Total thiol levels in sedentary group were significantly lower than those in...

Relating diet, demographics and lifestyle to increasing US obesity rates

Palavras-chave: Exercise; Obesity; Oxidative stress; Thiol-disulfide homeostasis.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000300801

Rimonabant improves metabolic parameters partially attributed to restoration of high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels in skeletal muscle in HFD-fed mice

Schroeter, Christiane.

Changes in the American lifestyle are putting more individuals at risk due to the declining quality of their diets. In the last 20 years, the readily available high-fat foods (e.g., "fast foods") combined with the decreased caloric requirements due to lower physical activity levels is assumed to be the major factor in the sharp rise in the prevalence of obesity. The typical away-from-home meal is less healthy than food at home, since it tends to contain more total fat and saturated fat, less calcium, fiber, and iron, and fewer servings of fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, due to the super-sizing trend that is sweeping the market, when Americans eat out, they eat more. Thus, a rising away-from-home consumption appears to establish a significant barrier to...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Food source; Fast food; Diet; Lifestyle; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97501

Chen,B.; Hu,N..

Cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) inhibition tends to be one of the promising strategies for the treatment of obesity and other related metabolic disorders. Although CB1R inhibition may cause adverse psychiatric effects including depression and anxiety, the investigation of the role of peripheral CB1R on weight loss and related metabolic parameters are urgently needed. We first explored the effect of rimonabant, a selective CB1R antagonist/inverse agonist, on some metabolic parameters in high fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. Then, real-time PCR and electrophysiology were used to explore the contribution of high voltage-activated Ca2+ channels (HVACCs), especially Cav1.1, on rimonabant's effect in skeletal muscle (SM) in HFD-induced obesity....

Role of sympathetic nervous system and neuropeptides in obesity hypertension

Palavras-chave: Cannabinoid receptor type 1; Obesity; Rimonabant; Skeletal Muscle; HVA calcium channel.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000600602

Hall,J.E.; Brands,M.W.; Hildebrandt,D.A.; Kuo,J.; Fitzgerald,S..

Obesity is the most common cause of human essential hypertension in most industrialized countries. Although the precise mechanisms of obesity hypertension are not fully understood, considerable evidence suggests that excess renal sodium reabsorption and a hypertensive shift of pressure natriuresis play a major role. Sympathetic activation appears to mediate at least part of the obesity-induced sodium retention and hypertension since adrenergic blockade or renal denervation markedly attenuates these changes. Recent observations suggest that leptin and its multiple interactions with neuropeptides in the hypothalamus may link excess weight gain with increased sympathetic activity. Leptin is produced mainly in adipocytes and is believed to regulate energy...

Self-Perception of Weight and Health and Dietary Quality

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Leptin; Angiotensin; Kidney; Sodium excretion.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000600001

Lin, Chung-Tung Jordan; Lee, Jonq-Ying.

Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation

Palavras-chave: Perception; Dietary quality; Obesity; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61266

Serum evaluation of leptin, IL-6, IGF-1 and estrogen in obese bitches with early stages of mammary carcinoma

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

Teixeira,S.V.; Silva,I.L.D.; Nunes,F.C.; Campos,C.B.; Oliveira,M.R.; Lavalle,G.E.; Cassali,G.D..

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to relate the serum concentration IL-6, IGF-1, leptin and estrogen in non-castrated bitches with or without overweight and early stage mammary carcinomas. Forty-three bitches were divided into four groups, two groups without mammary carcinomas with and without overweight, and two groups with mammary carcinomas with and without overweight. Overweight bitches, with or without mammary carcinomas, were statistically different from bitches by ideal weight, in relation to ECC, IMCC and body fat percentages (P< 0.0001). There was a positive correlation between ECC and IMCC (P< 0.0001), ECC and % GC (P< 0.0001), and IMCC and % GC (P< 0.0001). A positive correlation was found between serum leptin and IL-6 (P= 0.0451)...

Should Soft Drinks be Taxed More Heavily?

Palavras-chave: Bitches; Obesity; Overweight; Mammary carcinomas; Stage.

Ano: 2019

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000100143

Soda Taxes and Substitution Effects: Will Obesity be Affected?

Runge, C. Ford.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Soft Drink Taxes; Obesity; Substitution Effects; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; H; H2; H25.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117063

Sodium taste threshold in children and its relationship to blood pressure

Fletcher, Jason.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Soft Drink Taxation; Agribusiness; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I12; H20; H71.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117066

Arguelles,J.; Diaz,J.J.; Malaga,I.; Perillan,C.; Costales,M.; Vijande,M..

Popular science has emphasized the risks of high sodium intake and many studies have confirmed that salt intake is closely related to hypertension. The present mini-review summarizes experiments about salt taste sensitivity and its relationship with blood pressure (BP) and other variables of clinical and familial relevance. Children and adolescents from control parents (N = 72) or with at least one essential hypertensive (EHT) parent (N = 51) were investigated. Maternal questionnaires on eating habits and vomiting episodes were collected. Offspring, anthropometric, BP, and salt taste sensitivity values were recorded and blood samples analyzed. Most mothers declared that they added "little salt" when cooking. Salt taste sensitivity was inversely correlated...

Some Indicators of Fatness and Motor Fitness in Slovenian and Serbian Children

Palavras-chave: Children; Hypertension; Cardiovascular risk factors; Salt taste sensitivity; Pregnancy; Obesity.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000500017

International Journal of Morphology

Jurak,Gregor; Milanovic,Ivana; Radisavljevic Janic,Snezana; Soric,Maroje; Kovac,Marjeta.

The purpose of this study was to identify sex and age specific differences in fatness and motor fitness levels of children in two western Balkan countries in south-eastern Europe: Slovenia and Serbia. The sample consisted of 1,659 subjects of both sexes, aged from 9 to 15 years. Body height, body mass, triceps skinfold thickness, bent arm hang and standing long jump were used in the analysis. Ordinal regression was used to test differences in body mass index (BMI) categories among the countries. MANOVA was used to test the differences in motor fitness level. There were statistically significant (p<0.001) differences between the countries for the entire set of tested variables. Boys and girls from both countries had similar body height, body mass and...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Obesity; Overweight; Body mass index; Physical fitness; Skinfold thickness.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000200002

Specific insulin and proinsulin secretion in glucokinase-deficient individuals

Pardini,V.C.; Velho,G.; Reis,R.; Purisch,S.; Blanché,H.; Vieira,J.G.H.; Moisés,R.C.S..

Glucokinase (GCK) is an enzyme that regulates insulin secretion, keeping glucose levels within a narrow range. Mutations in the glucokinase gene cause a rare form of diabetes called maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). An early onset (less than 25 years), autosomal dominant inheritance and low insulin secretion stimulated by glucose characterize MODY patients. Specific insulin and proinsulin were measured in serum by immunofluorimetric assays (IFMA) during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Two kindreds (SA and LZ) were studied and compared to non-diabetic unrelated individuals (control group 1) matched for age and body mass index (BMI). In one kindred, some of these subjects were also obese (BMI >26 kg/m2), and other family members...